The perfect optical window - Sapphire
Sapphire
is the most preferred material for optical windows in harsh application covering the 200-5000 nm range, which is important for many UV-Vis and Vis-NearIR spectroscopic and photometric methods.
No other optical material has such a
unique combination
of:
* Spectral Transmission
* Scratch Resistance
* Strength especially at pressure
* Chemical resistance in a wide range of chemicals and
wide range of pH including caustics
Compared to the competing quartz glass/fused silica, Sapphire has a better scratch resistance, chemical resistance and strength.
Very important for practical use of windows in chemicals is, that the Sapphire is in a wide range chemical inert while at quartz glass surfaces have always existing Silanole-groups which allow to grow up many chemistry, if the windows are wetted with chemicals, with water and containing microorganism.
Summarized:
Sapphire
has a much less "reactivity" than quartz glass at better mechanical properties, comparable optic properties and a competitive price!
It makes sense - a Probe made of Sapphire +Alumina ceramics!