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Achieved Ratings

Some facts what was achieved:

560°C@250bar(3626 psi) in petrochemicals        Done 1998 by SHELL  Research in their Amsterdam labs

300°C@300bar(4351 psi) in heat transfer fluid   Own experiment done 1998 using a autoclave (Haage)
300°C@300bar(4351 psi) in water                         Own experiment done 1998 using a autoclave (Haage)

  
25°C@400bar(6000psi) in water                          TÜV Thüringen
History:
* idea and first request 1990
* 1993 first probe with collimated beams
  in Ø 12mm design like a pH-probe
  (still metal made)
* December 1993 first probe prototypes
* 1994 first applications
* November 1995 production capabilty

Types of Probes

 

Achieved Rating

 

Installation

 

Spectrometers

 

Conductivity

 
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Strain relief of the cable

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Forget all what you have learned about limitations regarding to

temperature

and

pressure

at using fiber optic probes!

The part of the

 

Sapphire-Alumina ceramic-shell which is in touch with process fluids or gases  does not contain any elastic material like O-rings, sealants, epoxy or metal!
 
For this reason,  the Sapphire-Alumina-ceramic-shell does not limit in most cases the pressure rating, but the used fittings and flanges!

Important for understanding!

Relating Temperature:


Every Sapphire-alumina ceramic shell was fired  in a hell of more than 1000°C!


Therefore the

Sapphire- alumina ceramic-shell does not limit the temperature in most chemical processes.

Relating Pressure:


The Sapphire-alumina-ceramic- shell is a  absolutely inelastic and stiff part

which guarantees the optical stability better than any metal tube with sealants. Alumina tubes were used as a excellent stable "optic bench" since more than 50 years for making gas-lasers.

The real limits of pressure, temperature at which lifetime are still unknown until today (2018) after 24 years real use around the world!

 
The best data about this came with feedback of all the users.
During the demanding development it was impossible to test all important combinations of pressure, temperature and pH in a realistic comparison to chemical industries applications.


But many of the probes did survive hundreds and thousands of temperature and pressure up and downs without losing stability and reliability!

Some operate 2 decades and more without any change!